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Year 2 stacks the Year 1 transformations together, often including a modulus. The rules are unchanged — outside the function acts on y in the natural direction, inside acts on x in the opposite/reciprocal way — but the order of operations now matters.
What you'll be able to do
Outside the function affects in the expected direction; inside affects oppositely/reciprocally.
When combining, apply transformations in a consistent order. A safe approach: deal with the changes the bracket as one group and the changes as another, sketching each step.
Tip — Inside changes (with x) often need to be applied carefully relative to stretches — sketch intermediate graphs to stay safe.
Track a known point through each transformation: vertical changes alter the -coordinate, horizontal changes alter the -coordinate (opposite/reciprocal direction).
Formula recap
Common mistakes to avoid
Key takeaways
Test yourself
Ready to lock in Combining Transformations? Pick a mode and earn XP & Dobloons.